Continuity of Operations Plan

A process improvement framework, maintained by the CMMI Institute (part of ISACA), that rates an organization's process maturity on a five-level scale from ad hoc to optimized. Federal buyers, especially in DoD software and systems development, often require or favor bidders holding a specific CMMI maturity level as evidence they can reliably deliver on schedule, cost, and quality.

A project management method that integrates a contract's scope, schedule, and cost baselines to objectively measure work performance and forecast final cost and schedule outcomes. DoD and other agencies typically require EVM compliant with ANSI/EIA-748 on large or major systems contracts, using metrics like cost and schedule variance to flag problems early.

Integrated software that unifies core business functions, such as finance, accounting, HR, procurement, and supply chain, into a single system of record. Government contractors rely on ERP platforms to track incurred costs, timekeeping, and contract-level financials in a manner that satisfies DCAA accounting system requirements for cost-reimbursable and other flexibly priced contracts.

A performance or technical attribute of a system considered critical enough that failing to meet it can trigger a re-evaluation, restructuring, or cancellation of the acquisition program. KPPs are defined in DoD requirements documents, such as a Capability Development Document, and typically carry both a threshold (minimum acceptable) and objective (desired) value.

A type of statement of work that defines contract requirements in terms of required outcomes, performance standards, and measurable results rather than dictating specific methods. Used in performance-based acquisitions, a PWS is typically paired with a Quality Assurance Surveillance Plan the government uses to monitor and score contractor performance against those standards.